A Comparative Analysis of Wireless Communication Technologies for IoT Applications: Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has intensified the need for efficient, reliable, and energy-efficient wireless communication technologies. This paper presents a comparative analysis of three widely used IoT wireless technologies—Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and Zigbee. The comparison is based on key performance parameters such as data rate, power consumption, communication range, network topology, scalability, and security. The study highlights the strengths and limitations of each technology, demonstrating that Wi-Fi is suitable for high-data-rate applications, Bluetooth is effective for short-range and low-power communication, and Zigbee excels in low-power, scalable, and mesh-based IoT networks. This study provides valuable insights that can help drive the development of efficient, reliable, and scalable IoT systems.