Probing the proton exchange kinetics of BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Yb 0.1 O 3− δ ceramic electrolyte by operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy

A custom-built operando DRIFTS setup has been developed for simultaneous infrared spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements under controlled temperatures and dual gas environments.