Mechanically adaptive Mg-Ti composites guided by single-cell insights accelerate load-bearing bone regeneration via dual modulation of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis

, the Mg-Ti-1200 resulted in a 55 % increase in bone volume and exhibited mechanical properties comparable to those of natural bone after 8 weeks of implantation. This study presented a mechanism-guided biomaterial strategy that integrated both mechanical and biological optimization for the functional regeneration of load-bearing bone defects.