Construction of a knowledge graph for framework material enabled by large language models and its application

Framework materials (FMs) have been extensively investigated with a plethora of literature documenting their unique properties and potential applications. Despite this, a comprehensive knowledge graph for this emerging field has not yet been constructed. In this study, by utilizing the natural language processing capabilities of large language models (LLMs), we have established a comprehensive knowledge graph (KG-FM). It covers synthesis, properties, applications, and other aspects of FMs including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs). The knowledge graph was constructed through the analysis of over 100,000 articles, resulting in 2.53 million nodes and 4.01 million relationships. Subsequently, its application has been explored for enhancing data retrieval, mining, and the development of sophisticated question-answering systems. Especially when integrating the KGs with LLMs, resulted Qwen2-KG not only achieves a higher accuracy rate of 91.67% in question-answering than existing models but also provides precise information sources.