Silane coupling agent in biomedical materials

Medical devices are becoming more and more significant in our daily life. For implantable medical devices, good biocompatibility is required for further use in vivo. Thus, surface modification of medical devices is really important, which gives a wide application scene for a silane coupling agent. The silane coupling agent is able to form a durable bond between organic and inorganic materials. The dehydration process provides linking sites to achieve condensation of two hydroxyl groups. The forming covalent bond brings excellent mechanical properties among different surfaces. Indeed, the silane coupling agent is a popular component in surface modification. Metals, proteins, and hydrogels are using silane coupling agent to link parts commonly. The mild reaction environment also brings advantages for the spread of the silane coupling agent. In this review, we summarize two main methods of using the silane coupling agent. One is acting as a crosslinker mixed in the whole system, and the other is to provide a bridge between different surfaces. Moreover, we introduce their applications in biomedical devices.