LiNbO3 ultra-fine powders were prepared via a hydrothermal method with LiOH and Nb2O5 as the starting materials.The as-prepared LiNbO3 ultra-fine powders were analyzed by XRD,SEM,FTIR and TEM respectively.The results were shown that ultra-fine powders which are 50-200nm in size and fine crystal can be synthesized while the mol ratio of Li/Nb is 1.10,the temperature of hydrothermal reaction is 260℃ and the reaction time is 24h.