医学
危险系数
安慰剂
前列腺癌
内科学
恩扎鲁胺
人口
中期分析
无进展生存期
临床终点
肿瘤科
雄激素剥夺疗法
随机对照试验
置信区间
泌尿科
外科
化疗
癌症
病理
雄激素受体
替代医学
环境卫生
作者
Hirotsugu Uemura,Gaku Arai,Hiroji Uemura,Hiroyoshi Suzuki,Kazuyoshi Iijima,Kazuo Nishimura,Koji Fujii,Tomoyoshi Hatayama,Junya Aoyama,Kris Deprince,Angela Lopez-Gitlitz,Sharon McCarthy,Julie S. Larsen,Jinhui Li,Kim N.
摘要
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy versus androgen deprivation therapy alone in Japanese patients with metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer from the phase 3, randomized, global TITAN study. Methods Men with metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer randomly (1:1) received 240 mg apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy or matching placebo + androgen deprivation therapy. The primary efficacy endpoints were radiographic progression‐free survival and overall survival. Secondary efficacy endpoints were time to cytotoxic chemotherapy, pain progression, chronic opioid use, and skeletal‐related events. Safety was also assessed. Results Of the 1052 patients included in the TITAN study, 51 (4.85%) were Japanese (apalutamide group, n = 28; placebo group, n = 23). In all, 81.8% of patients in the apalutamide and 71.8% in the placebo group did not experience radiographic progression or death, and the hazard ratio for radiographic progression‐free survival favored treatment with apalutamide (hazard ratio 0.712, 95% confidence interval 0.205–2.466; P = 0.59). At 24 months, 85.7% of patients in the apalutamide group and 81.5% in the placebo group were alive, and the hazard ratio for overall survival favored apalutamide (hazard ratio 0.840, 95% confidence interval 0.210–3.361; P = 0.805). In the interim analysis, the median radiographic progression‐free survival and overall survival were not reached in the apalutamide group and time to cytotoxic chemotherapy was delayed following apalutamide treatment. The safety profile of apalutamide in the Japanese subpopulation was comparable with that of the global population, except for skin rash. Conclusions The results of the present analyses suggest that apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy in Japanese patients had favorable efficacy compared with androgen deprivation therapy alone, and these findings are comparable to those in the overall population. Apalutamide + androgen deprivation therapy can be considered as one of the therapeutic options for a broad spectrum of metastatic castration‐sensitive prostate cancer regardless of prior treatment and disease extent in Japanese patients.
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