[NEK2 gene expression in mouse cryptorchidism model and its mechanism involved in apoptosis].

Objective: To observe the expression of NEK2 mRNA and protein in the cryptorchidism mice model, and to explore its role in apoptosis of testicular tissue. Methods: A mouse cryptorchid model was constructed, and the spermatids in the spermatic tubules were observed by HE staining. Apoptosis was detected by Tunel test, and expression of NEK2 mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Results: After the mouse cryptorchidism model was successfully constructed, the HE staining results showed that the damage of spermatogonia cells, primary spermatocytes and sperm cells in the seminiferous tubules became more severe with time. The results of Tunel test showed that the number of apoptotic cells first increased and then decreased, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 15 d apoptotic cells were 3.67±2.08 (t=2, P=0.0412), 7.67±1.53 (t=6.325, P=0.003), 17.67±3.51 (t=7.906, P=0.001), 30.67±3.51 (t=14.072, P<0.001) and 14.33±3.21 (t=6.860, P=0.002). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that NEK2 protein was expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm in normal testis and cryptorchidism. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that expression of NEK2 mRNA and protein gradually increased after modeling. After reaching the peak, the expression gradually decreased with time, and was significantly lower than the normal control group. Conclusion: The trend of NEK2 expression in cryptorchidism tissue is consistent with the trend of cell apoptosis in cryptorchidism tissue, suggesting that abnormal expression of NEK2 may affect the damage of sperm cells in the seminiferous tubules through apoptosis, leading to infertility in patients with cryptorchidism.目的： 观察小鼠隐睾模型隐睾组织中NEK2基因mRNA的变化特点，NEK2蛋白表达定位及表达水平变化情况，初步探讨其在睾丸组织细胞凋亡中的作用。 方法： 首先构建小鼠隐睾模型，采用HE染色观察曲精小管内精细胞的损伤情况，Tunel检测细胞凋亡情况，逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和免疫组织化学检测NEK2 mRNA和蛋白的表达情况。 结果： 建模成功后HE染色结果发现随着时间的推移曲精小管内精原细胞、初级精母细胞和精细胞损伤越严重。Tunel检测结果显示凋亡细胞数随着时间推移先上升后下降。Tunel检测结果显示建模后凋亡细胞数1、3、6、9和15 d分别为3.67±2.08(t=2,P=0.0412)，7.67±1.53(t=6.325,P=0.003)，17.67±3.51(t=7.906,P=0.001)，30.67±3.51(t=14.072,P<0.001)和14.33±3.21(t=6.860,P=0.002)，差异均具有统计学意义，均P<0.05。免疫组化结果显示NEK2蛋白在细胞核和细胞质中表达，免疫组化和RT-PCR的结果显示建模术后NEK2 mRNA和蛋白的表达量逐渐上升，达峰值后随时间推移表达逐渐下降，并显著低于正常对照组。 结论： 隐睾组织中NEK2的表达趋势与隐睾组织细胞凋亡的趋势相一致，提示NEK2的异常表达可能通过细胞凋亡作用影响曲精小管内精细胞的损伤，导致隐睾症患者的不育。.