Equation thinking is an important thinking method in high school mathematics study.It is necessary to apply equation thinking to solve problems such as functions, trigonometry, solid geometry, and sequence of numbers.It is a problem worthy of study.When applying the idea of functions and equations in the process of solving problems, students' should avoid falling into the "identity" situation.Only when students' can deeply understand functions and equations in the process of solving problems can students' improve the efficiency and accuracy of solving mathematical problems.Firstly, this paper organizes and analyzes the research on mathematical equations in high school, and sorts out the knowledge points that reflect mathematical ideas in high school mathematics textbooks to understand the presentation of mathematical ideas in equation learning.Secondly, to understand the current situation of high school students applying mathematical ideas to solve equation problems.Combining with classroom practice, it aims at understanding the current situation of high school students applying mathematical ideas to solve equation problems through putting forward strategies and methods for penetration and application of mathematical ideas in equation study.