A ratiometric fluorescence sensor with different responsive modes based on carbon dots-embedded Tb-MOFs for the determination of norfloxacin and levofloxacin

Norfloxacin (NOR) and levofloxacin (LEV) are the two most frequently used fluoroquinolones (FQs) in clinic. Their residues seriously endanger the ecosystem and human health. Due to their similarity in structure and properties, it is urgent to develop an efficient and sensitive strategy for detection and differentiation. Herein, we synthesized a novel ratiometric fluorescent sensor for the first time by combining N, S co-doped carbon dots (CDs) and the precursors of Tb-MOFs through a facile one-pot method. The introduction of CDs effectively facilitated the energy transfer between Tb