Comprehensive study of volatile compounds of rare Leucosceptrum canum Smith honey: Aroma profiling and characteristic compound screening via GC–MS and GC–MS/MS

Monofloral honeys are highly valued for their unique flavors and potential health benefits. In this study, the aromatic attributes of rare Leucosceptrum canum Smith honey (LCH) were characterized by GC-MS coupled with GC-MS/MS. Based on their odor contribution rates (OCRs), linalool (74.22%), 3-methyl-1-butanol (18.19%), benzeneacetaldehyde (1.31%) and lilac aldehyde B (2.78%) were largely responsible for the unique and complex flavor of LCH - flowery, spicy, sweet, fruity and fresh. Compared to other tested honeys, linalool (0.18 mg/kg), which has known antibacterial properties, was higher in LCH. However, it was not the main antibacterial compound in LCH, suggesting as of now unknown antibacterial compounds. This study provides the first aromatic profile of LCH, which will be useful for the authentication of LCH and for uncovering the mechanisms behind its perceived health benefits.