CMT2A-linked MFN2 mutation, T206I promotes mitochondrial hyperfusion and predisposes cells towards mitophagy

Mutations in Mitofusin2 (MFN2) associated with the pathology of the debilitating neuropathy Charcot–Marie–Tooth type 2A (CMT2A) are known to alter mitochondrial morphology. Previously, such mutations have been shown to elicit two diametrically opposite phenotypes – while some mutations have been causally linked to enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation, others have been shown to induce hyperfusion. Our study identifies one such MFN2 mutant, T206I that causes mitochondrial hyperfusion. Cells expressing this MFN2 mutant have elongated and interconnected mitochondria. T206I-MFN2 mutation in the GTPase domain increases MFN2 stability and renders cells susceptible to stress. We show that cells expressing T206I-MFN2 have a higher predisposition towards mitophagy under conditions of serum starvation. We also detect increased DRP1 recruitment onto the outer mitochondrial membrane, though the total DRP1 protein level remains unchanged. Here we have characterized a lesser studied CMT2A-linked MFN2 mutant to show that its presence affects mitochondrial morphology and homeostasis.