MCDM-based flood risk assessment of metro systems in smart city development: A review

This study presents a review of the multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods for flood risk assessment of metro systems in smart city development. Suggestive perspectives of a smart city development were proposed and summarized. A new expert system was presented to determine fuzzy numbers, which can reduce the uncertainties of MCDM methods. The way of the MCDM combined with geographical information system (GIS) techniques provides a significant aspect to consider when developing a flood risk model or early warning system. A case study of flood risk assessment in the Shanghai is used to demonstrate the application of the MCDM techniques incorporating GIS to assess flood risk of metro system. The assessed flood risk of metro systems provides inceptive suggestions for designing flood prevention in metro systems. Based on the initial flood risk of metro systems, a large amount of data collected using 3S including remote sensing (RS), GIS, global position system (GPS) technologies, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, and wireless sensor networks, can be adopted to increase the accuracy of flood risk management for metro systems in smart city development. The processing and analysis of big data obtained from wireless sensor networks and AI technologies provides a way of establishing an intelligent technology system for flood management in smart city development.