Effect of Heat Supplied to the Joint in the MAG Welding Process of Ferritic–Austenitic Stainless Steel 1.4462 on the Size of the Cross-Sectional Area of the Joints

In this study, the relationships between the values of the parameters included in heat input (welding current, arc voltage and welding speed) and their effects on the size of the cross-sectional areas of welds in joints made of ferritic–austenitic stainless steel using the GMAW method were determined. An attempt was also made to determine to what extent it will be possible to predict the properties of fabricated welded joints using the functional relationship describing the effect of the value of heat input on the size of the cross-sectional area of welds. The analysis of the developed mathematical models shows their suitability for explaining (and predicting) the sizes of the cross-sectional areas of welded joints depending on the values of the input parameters of the welding process. Determining the regression function and making a three-dimensional plot of it (response surface) can provide a starting point for optimizing the parameters of the welding process. The results have practical relevance, supporting weld quality control and process design in industrial conditions, especially in applications requiring high strength and corrosion resistance, in industries such as construction and offshore.