Survey on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Implemented for Environmental Sensing

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) a large number of wirelessly-connected sensor motes work in collaboration to achieve a common goal such as detection of earthquakes, tracking animal movement, monitoring infrastructure or a volcano, and process control. Among the deployed WSNs, environmental sensing is important as a considerable number of the WSN applications have been developed on environmental sensing. The collected environment sensor data such as humidity, temperature, and air quality and soil moisture can be analyzed for better decision making. Moreover, actuator systems can be operated based on the sensor data. This paper presents a survey of already deployed WSNs for environmental sensing, comparing their scale of deployment, topologies and architectures, and routing protocols.