All-natural oil-in-water high internal phase Pickering emulsions featuring interfacial bilayer stabilization

Synergistic stabilization of high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) by food-grade colloidal particles are necessary for food, pharmaceuticals or cosmetics owing to their biocompatibility and multi-functionality. By tuning the interfacial structure of adsorbed binary particles, the HIPPE may exhibit extraordinary characteristics compared to conventional all-natural HIPPEs solely stabilized by single-component particle or composite particle, which should have potential applications in varies fields.HIPPEs were prepared by using zein protein nanoparticles (ZNPs) and starch nanocrystals (SNCs) as stabilizers. We systematically investigated the effect of particle concentration and internal phase fraction on HIPPEs morphology, stability and rheological behaviors. Further, the stabilization mechanism as well as potential applications were demonstrated.HIPPEs were prepared with excellent stability against centrifugation and high temperature (50 °C). Our result indicates the successful construction of unique bilayer interfacial structures consisting of inner ZNPs layer and outer SNCs layer. Since SNCs could gelatinize at 50 °C, dense shells can form around droplets afterwards. Such thermally responsive interfacial structures can be used to protect hydrophobic bioactive substances at higher temperatures while still allowing controlled release at certain conditions. Furthermore, with high internal phase fraction, HIPPEs can possibly replace mayonnaise and salad dressing on the market due to comparable appearance and properties. Following the removal of inner oil, porous materials can be further fabricated, which have potential applications in environmental protection or tissue engineering.