Protein Carbonylation Sites Prediction using Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Various Human Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review

Protein carbonylation is a non-enzymatic, irreversible, post translational modification (PTM). Carbonylation basically occurs due to the ROS, these species cause the oxidation of proteins and it will lead towards post translational modification of proteins known as carbonylation. In this ROS induces the carbonyl groups into the side chain of amino acid lysine (K), Proline (P), Arginine (R), Threonine (T). Carbonylation is known as a major hall mark or oxidative stress and leads to various diseases like age and age-related diseases. Different techniques and tools have been presented for detection of protein carbonylation, yet still there is no accurate result. In this systematic literature review I try to provide deep understanding of protein carbonylation sites, various techniques, comparison of tools relative to the techniques and its role in different diseases.