Green technology innovation efficiency of energy-intensive industries in China from the perspective of shared resources: Dynamic change and improvement path

Abstract Energy-intensive industries are high-energy-consumption and high-pollution industries, and their green technology innovation efficiency deserves in-depth investigation. This paper explores the efficiency of green technology innovation and its combinatorial improvement path in energy-intensive industries from 2005-2015 with a two-stage data envelopment analysis model based on shared and additional input resources and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The results indicate that (1) the overall efficiency of green technology innovation in energy-intensive industries as a whole showed a fluctuating upward trend from 2005 to 2015, benefiting from the improvement of technology RD (2) there is high industry heterogeneity in the green technology innovation capacity of energy-intensive industries, and the difference in the average efficiency in green technology innovation between the industries with the strongest innovation strength and that with the weakest is as high as 0.615; (3) small-scale enterprises’ strategies should be based on foreign scientific research support or environmental regulations, supplemented by a small amount of industry-university-research cooperation. Large-scale enterprises’ strategies should be based on foreign scientific research support and industry-university-research cooperation, supplemented by appropriate environmental regulations and government investment. This study provides a reference for the formulation of green technology innovation development strategies for energy-intensive industries.