Gene-Environment Interactions Between Environmental Response Genes Polymorphisms and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Numbers Among Benzene Workers

Objective: To determine the effect of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) as a biomarker of benzene exposure. Methods: A total of 294 benzene-exposed workers and 102 controls were recruited. Biomarkers of mtDNAcn, cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) frequency, and peripheral blood white blood cells (WBC) were detected. Eighteen polymorphism sites in DNA damage repair and metabolic genes were analyzed. Results: Benzene exposure increased mtDNAcn and indicated a dose–response relationship ( P < 0.001). mtDNAcn was negatively correlated with WBC count and DNA methylation and positively correlated with MN frequency. The AG type in rs1695 interacted with benzene exposure to aggravate mtDNAcn (β = 0.006, 95% CI: 0, 0.012, P = 0.050). rs13181, rs1695, rs1800975, and GSTM1 null were associated with benzene-induced mtDNAcn. Rs1695 interacted with benzene to increase mitochondrial damage. Conclusions: Benzene exposure increases mtDNAcn levels in benzene-exposed workers.