Unlocking the Green Potential of AI: The Dual Mediating Role of Green Supply Chain Integration and the Moderating Effect of Organizational Green Learning

ABSTRACT In the pursuit of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) for sustainability has become a strategic imperative. However, the mechanism through which AI‐driven innovation (AIDI) translates into sustainable performance remains underexplored. Drawing on dynamic capability theory and the natural resource–based view, this study develops a moderated dual‐mediation model to examine how AIDI influences sustainable performance via green supply chain integration (internal and external) and how organizational green learning moderates these relationships. Using survey data from 355 Chinese manufacturing and logistics firms and a mixed‐method approach (partial least squares structural equation modeling and fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis [fsQCA]), we find that both internal and external green integration partially mediate the relationship between AIDI and sustainable performance. Moreover, organizational green learning positively moderates the effects of AI on both integration dimensions and sustainable performance. fsQCA further reveals three equifinal configurations leading to high sustainable performance. These findings illuminate the “black box” of AI‐enabled sustainability and offer nuanced insights for theory and practice.