Electro-controlled assembled of biphasic guided bone regeneration membrane for healing of diabetic periodontal bone defects

BACKGROUND: Regeneration of periodontal bone defects has long posed a significant challenge to clinicians. Traditional guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes have a single function, making it difficult to achieve immunoregulation and bone regeneration under the inflammatory and infection-prone conditions of diabetes. To address this, we developed a "one-step synergistic electro-assembly" technique and electrically controlled assembly techniques to engineer a Janus collagen membrane with a spatially programmable, biphasic structure. RESULTS: signaling and the TGF-β/Smad pathway to promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that the electrically assembled Janus membrane offers a promising platform for multifunctional tissue repair, advancing the clinical repair of complex bone defects under inflammatory conditions.