Natural polyphenol rutin inhibits ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis by regulating lipid metabolism via blocking the LCN2–ALOX15 axis

studies demonstrated rutin's dual efficacy in reinforcing intestinal barrier integrity and suppressing ferroptosis in colonic epithelial cells. Co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, and LCN2-knockdown assays revealed rutin's disruption of the LCN2-ALOX15 interaction axis, thereby inhibiting lipid peroxidation cascades. Metabolomics profiling further confirmed rutin's regulatory effects on dysregulated lipid metabolism, particularly arachidonic acid pathways, in UC models. These findings establish that rutin alleviates UC progression by orchestrating lipid metabolic reprogramming through blockade of the LCN2-ALOX15 axis, positioning this natural compound as a promising multi-target therapeutic candidate for ferroptosis-associated intestinal pathologies.