Osmotic energy conversion with low impedance using an ultrasmall MoS2 nanosheet composite membrane

A MoS 2 membrane composited with cellulose nanocrystals was investigated for osmotic energy conversion. Ultrasmall MoS 2 nanosheets shorten the ion transport path and decrease the impedance of the membrane. This membrane can provide a power density of 2.3 W m −2 with a resistance of 48 kΩ.