Cyclodextrin Functionalized Ionic Liquids: Synthesis and Application in Analytical Chemistry

Cyclodextrins belong to a class of cyclic oligosaccharides composing of α-(1,4) linked glucopyranose subunits having a torus-like macro ring shape. Cyclodextrins based materials find a wide range of applications in separation technology due to their unique property to differentiate between enantiomers, positional isomers and functional groups. Conversely, ionic liquids are the non-molecular compounds composed of different anion and cations with low melting point making them a designer and greener solvents. Because of their fascinating properties, the combined effect of cyclodextrin and ionic liquids as cyclodextrin functionalized ionic liquids (CDILs) have nowadays led to an excellent development for their utilization in the area of analytical chemistry. This review focuses mainly on the synthesis of cyclodextrin functionalized ionic liquids and their application in separation techniques like capillary electrophoresis (CE), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC). The nature of the interactions between CDILs and analytes have also been highlighted in this review.