Application of γ-cyclodextrin encapsulation of eugenol and isoeugenol: characterization, stability, and taste impact

γ-CD encapsulation enhances eugenol/isoeugenol stability and sustained aroma release. Isomeric differences lead to distinct T1R2/T1R3 binding modes and differential sweetness regulation, providing theoretical and technical support for precise flavor-sweetness control in sugar-reduced foods and laying a foundation for their practical integration into low-sugar food systems.