成核
亚稳态
结晶
材料科学
无定形固体
旋节分解
旋节
经典成核理论
机制(生物学)
动力学
相(物质)
结晶学
化学物理
热力学
化学
物理
经典力学
有机化学
量子力学
作者
Zhouyang Zhang,Yujie Tang,Yiran Ying,Junqing Guo,Min Gan,Yateng Jiang,Chunxian Xing,Shanshan Pan,Ming Xu,Yangbo Zhou,Haitao Zhang,Chi Wah Leung,Haitao Huang,Chee Leung Mak,Linfeng Fei
出处
期刊:Materials horizons
[The Royal Society of Chemistry]
日期:2022-01-01
卷期号:9 (6): 1670-1678
被引量:6
摘要
Mechanisms of nucleation have been debated for more than a century, despite successes of classical nucleation theory. The nucleation process has been recently argued as involving a nonclassical mechanism (the "two-step" mechanism) in which an intermediate step occurs before the formation of a nascent ordered phase. However, a thorough understanding of this mechanism, in terms of both microscopic kinetics and thermodynamics, remains experimentally challenging. Here, in situ observations using transmission electron microscopy on a solid-state nucleation case indicate that early-stage crystallization can follow the non-classical pathway, yet proceed via a more complex manner in which multiple metastable states precede the emergence of a stable nucleus. The intermediate steps were sequentially isolated as spinodal decomposition of amorphous precursor, mass transport and structural oscillations between crystalline and amorphous states. Our experimental and theoretical analyses support the idea that the energetic favorability is the driving force for the observed sequence of events. Due to the broad applicability of solid-state crystallization, the findings of this study offer new insights into modern nucleation theory and a potential avenue for materials design.
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