对映选择合成
化学选择性
化学
立体中心
Noyori不对称加氢
不对称氢化
催化作用
组合化学
转移加氢
有机化学
齿合度
配体(生物化学)
恶唑啉
钌
受体
晶体结构
生物化学
作者
Hans‐Ulrich Blaser,Christophe Malan,Benoı̂t Pugin,Felix Spindler,Heinz Steiner,Martin Studer
标识
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200390000
摘要
Abstract In this overview, recent trends and developments for the selective hydrogenation of multifunctional molecules are discussed and assessed from the point of view of fine chemicals synthesis. In a first part, the design and preparation of catalysts and ligands with interesting properties are summarized, particularly meant for the catalysis specialist. The following topics are described in some detail: How enantioselective homogeneous catalysts are designed and tested; new effective chiral monodentate phosphines; successful bidentate phosphines ligand families (with axially chiral biaryl‐ and ferrocenyl‐based backbones, new phospholanes and with stereogenic phosphorus); novel bidentate ligand families with P‐O and P‐N bonds; and oxazoline‐based ligands. A short overview on immobilized chiral complexes and of the toolbox of heterogeneous catalysis (bimetallic, colloidal and modified catalysts) concludes this chapter. In a second part, progress for selected catalytic transformations and generic selectivity problems is described, intended mainly for the organic chemist who has to solve specific synthetic problems. Emphasis is on the following topics: The enantioselective hydrogenation of olefins with various substitution patterns; the chemo‐ and enantioselective hydrogenation of ketones; the diastereo‐ and enantioselective hydrogenation of CN functions; the stereoselective hydrogenation of aromatic rings; chemoselectivity and hydroxylamine accumulation in the reduction of functionalized nitroarenes; chemoselectivity and new protecting groups for catalytic debenzylation; the mild hydrogenation of carboxylic acid derivatives; and the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitriles. In the last parts of the review, transfer hydrogenation and mechanistic issues are discussed, followed by a short conclusions and outlook paragraph.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI