Pericardial involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: current diagnosis and therapy

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can aff ect almost any organ system. Cardiac involvement is common and has been acknowledged as a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. Pericarditis is the most common cardiovascular manifestation in SLE. In this review we present the current diagnosis and treatment of SLE-related pericardial involvement.