3D nanoporous graphene shows excellent physics and electrochemical performance in the fields of energy storage and conversion due to its high-quality and unique interconnected structure. Nanoporous metals, especially nanoporous Ni and nanoporous Cu, have high catalysis for the synthesis of high-quality 3D nanoporous graphene. This chapter presents an overview of the most recent research about the 3D nanoporous graphene, heteroatoms-doped nanoporous graphene, and the nanoporous graphene-based composite materials synthesized by using nanoporous Ni and nanoporous Cu.