The effect of supportive care in preventing peri‐implant diseases and implant loss: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of supportive treatment (SPT) during a maintenance period after implant placement on implant survival rate (SR) and incidence of peri‐implant diseases. Material and methods A systemic literature search for studies published up to June 2018 was conducted by two independent reviewers using Pubmed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central databases. Clinical controlled trials (CCT) involved in SPT protocol with more than 1‐year follow‐up were included. Quantitative meta‐analyses were carried out to analyze the risk ratio (RR) of SR, the incidence of peri‐implantitis, and peri‐implant mucositis between SPT and non‐SPT groups. Any potential confounding factors were investigated using meta‐regression. Results Nine CCTs fulfilled the criteria. To evaluate the influence of SPT on SR, peri‐implantitis, and peri‐implant mucositis, six of nine, three of nine, and three of nine articles were included in further meta‐analysis, respectively. SPT group significantly showed higher SR (RR: 1.10; p < 0.001), lower prevalence of peri‐implantitis (RR: 0.25; p < 0.001) and peri‐implant mucositis (RR: 0.57; p < 0.001) than the non‐SPT group. Meta‐regression of the selected studies failed to find an association between SR, peri‐implantitis, and peri‐implant mucositis and confounding factors: application of chemical agents and the frequency of SPT. Conclusion SPT can potentially improve peri‐implant health in terms of SR, peri‐implantitis, and peri‐implant mucositis. Additionally, the correlation in recall interval and adjunctive use of chemical agents during SPT to peri‐implant diseases and implant loss could not be found.