Optimization of ultrasonic‐microwave synergistic extraction of polysaccharides from Morchella conica

Ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction (UMSE) was used to extract from Morchella conica polysaccharide (MCP). The effect of three independent variables (microwave power, ratio of water volume to raw material weight (W/M ratio), extraction time) on extraction yield was optimized using response surface methodology with a Box–Behnken design. The high R2 values (>.966) demonstrated the response and independent variables predicted by polynomial model were fitted. The optimal conditions for MCP extraction were microwave power of 210.61 W, W/M ratio of 41.07:1, and extraction time of 126.98 s. Under these conditions, the experimental yield was 7.53 ± 0.17%. By comparison of ultrasound assistant extraction (UAE) and microwave assistant extraction (MAE), the extraction efficiency of UMSE is the highest. Practical applications Morchella conica is a species of mushroom contained with amount of bioactive polysaccharide. Novel extraction technique UMSE was applied to extract MCP because the high synergistic energy promotes cell disruption and MCP release. Compared with the traditional extraction technology, UMSE requires shorter time and higher efficiency. These effects make UMSE economic to gain bioactive MCP. Thus, the application of UMSE can be useful for improvement on industrial extraction processes of food and natural products.