医学
儿科
肺炎球菌结合疫苗
接种疫苗
轮状病毒疫苗
增强剂量
疫苗接种时间表
怀孕
轮状病毒
免疫
免疫学
病毒
肺炎链球菌
细菌
抗原
生物
遗传学
作者
Francisco José Álvarez García,María José Cilleruelo Ortega,Javier Álvarez Aldeán,María Garcés-Sánchez,Elisa Garrote Llanos,Antonio Iofrío de Arce,Abián Montesdeoca Melián,María Luisa Navarro Gómez,V. Pineda Solás,Irene Rivero Calle,Jesús Ruíz-Contreras,Pepe Serrano Marchuet
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.anpede.2022.11.002
摘要
As it does every year, the CAV-AEP publishes the update of its recommendations for the use of vaccines in children, adolescents and pregnant women residing in Spain. The 2 + 1 schedule is maintained in infants (at 2, 4 and 11 months), including preterm infants, with the hexavalent vaccine (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HB) and the pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate vaccine. A booster dose with DTaP-IPV is needed at 6 years for those who received the 2 + 1 series with hexavalent vaccine as infants, in addition to 1 dose of dTap in adolescence. Routine vaccination of pregnant women with a dose of dTap is recommended in each pregnancy, preferably between weeks 27 and 32 of gestation, although can be given from 20 weeks if there is risk of preterm delivery. All infants should receive the rotavirus vaccine (2-3 doses) and the 4CMenB vaccine (2 + 1 series). All children aged 6-59 months should be vaccinated against influenza each year. The MenACWY vaccine should be given routinely at 12 months of age and in adolescence between ages 12 and 18 years. The recommendations for the MMR vaccine (12 months and 3-4 years) and varicella vaccine (15 months and 3-4 years) also remain unchanged, using the MMRV vaccine for the second dose. Recommendations for the use of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in the paediatric age group will be updated periodically on the CAV-AEP website. The HPV vaccine is indicated in all adolescents, regardless of sex, at age 12 years. Novelties include the recommendation of routine administration of nirsevimab to neonates and infants aged less than 6 months for passive immunization against RSV, and the recommendations regarding the hexavalent vaccine are consolidated in a single section.
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