Most Common Ophthalmic Diagnoses in Eye Emergency Departments: A Multicenter Study

To characterize the most common ophthalmic conditions seen in the emergency department (ED) DESIGN: Cross-sectional study METHODS: Multicenter study of 64988 patients who visited the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Wills Eye Hospital, Johns Hopkins Hospital/Wilmer Eye Institute from January 1st, 2019 until December 31st, 2019. Demographic and primary diagnosis data was extracted including gender, age, race, ethnicity, insurance type, and ophthalmology consult status. Descriptive statistics were performed on all data using STATA IC 14 (64-bit).A total of 64988 patients with primary ocular diagnoses were seen across all four EDs. The majority of patients were White (63.1%), non-Hispanic/Latino (64.8%), and female (52.3%). The most frequently seen age group was 50-64 years (28.6%). The most common diagnoses across all institutions were conjunctivitides (7.91%), corneal abrasions (5.61%), dry eye (4.49%), posterior vitreous detachments (4.15%), chalazions (3.71%), corneal ulcers (3.01%), subconjunctival hemorrhages (2.96%), corneal foreign bodies (2.94%), retinal detachments (2.51%), and glaucoma (2.12%). Specifically, viral conjunctivitis (2283/5139, 44.4%) and primary open angle glaucoma (382/1379, 27.7%) were the most frequently seen subtypes of conjunctivitis and glaucoma.The most regularly treated ophthalmic conditions in high volume EDs tend to be lower acuity diagnoses. To combat ED overcrowding and rising health care costs in the U.S., we suggest diverting eye-related ED visits to a specialized eye ED service or same-day eye clinic appointment in addition to expanding education for patients and primary care clinicians.