Comprehensive Review of the Ocular Toxicities Associated With Antibody-Drug Conjugates Used to Treat Gynecological Cancers

This comprehensive literature review investigates the ocular toxicities associated with antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) used in the treatment of gynecological cancers. Gynecological cancers, including uterine, ovarian, and cervical, pose a significant health burden with varying incidence and survival rates. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, survival rates remain moderate to relatively low for advanced or recurrent gynecologic cancers. ADCs, a targeted therapy utilizing antibody-antigen interactions, have emerged as a promising chemotherapeutic approach, delivering cytotoxic agents to cancer cells with high precision. Twenty-one papers were identified and analyzed to provide a comprehensive overview of the incidence, prevalence, underlying mechanisms, risk factors, and current management strategies for the ocular toxicities of ADCs. Currently, mirvetuximab soravtansine (MIRV) and tisotumab vedotin (TV) are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved ADCs used in the treatment of gynecological cancers, demonstrating efficacy in clinical trials. However, ocular toxicities, particularly blurred vision, keratopathy, and conjunctivitis, are commonly reported in patients receiving these treatments. When combined with bevacizumab and carboplatin, these drugs are associated with increased ocular adverse events. Further research is warranted to better understand the long-term effects and mechanisms underlying ocular toxicities induced by ADCs. In addition, a standardized reporting system is recommended to facilitate this process. We therefore aim to provide a thorough understanding of ocular toxicities in ADCs, with the objective of optimizing patient care within the field of gynecological oncology and contributing to the improvement of patient outcomes.