电动汽车
汽车工程
储能
电气工程
电池(电)
电力系统
计算机科学
练习场
网格
车辆到电网
工程类
功率(物理)
几何学
数学
量子力学
物理
作者
Mohd Rizwan Khalid,Irfan Khan,Salman Hameed,M. S. Jamil Asghar,Jong‐Suk Ro
出处
期刊:IEEE Access
[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]
日期:2021-01-01
卷期号:9: 128069-128094
被引量:127
标识
DOI:10.1109/access.2021.3112189
摘要
The penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) in the transportation sector is increasing but conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) based vehicles dominates. To accelerate the adoption of EVs and to achieve sustainable transportation, the bottlenecks need to be elevated that mainly include the high cost EVs, range anxiety, lack of EV charging infrastructure, and the pollution of the grid due to EV chargers. The high cost of EVs is due to costly energy storage systems (ESS) with high energy density. This paper provides a comprehensive review of EV technology that mainly includes electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), ESS, and EV chargers. A detailed discussion is presented on the state-of-the-art of EV chargers that include on-/off-board chargers. Different topologies are discussed with low-/high-frequency transformers. The different available power levels for charging are discussed. To reduce the range anxiety the EV chargers based on inductive power transfer (IPT) are discussed. The last part of the paper focuses on the negative impact of EV chargers along with the remedies that can be adopted. The international standards decided by different institutions and adopted universally are discussed in the latter part of this paper and finally, this paper concludes with the near to future advancement in EV technology.
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