电解
电解水
制氢
分解水
析氧
聚合物电解质膜电解
碱性水电解
高温电解
电解法
纳米技术
高压电解
工艺工程
氢
材料科学
催化作用
电化学
电解质
化学
电极
工程类
物理化学
光催化
生物化学
有机化学
作者
Shams Anwar,Faisal Khan,Yahui Zhang,Abdoulaye Djire
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.06.191
摘要
Hydrogen is a carbon-free alternative energy source for use in future energy frameworks with the advantages of environment-friendliness and high energy density. Among the numerous hydrogen production techniques, sustainable and high purity of hydrogen can be achieved by water electrolysis. Therefore, developing electrocatalysts for water electrolysis is an emerging field with great importance to the scientific community. On one hand, precious metals are typically used to study the two-half cell reactions, i.e., hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, precious metals (i.e., Pt, Au, Ru, Ag, etc.) as electrocatalysts are expensive and with low availability, which inhibits their practical application. Non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts on the other hand are abundant with low-cost and eco-friendliness and exhibit high electrical conductivity and electrocatalytic performance equivalent to those for noble metals. Thus, these electrocatalysts can replace precious materials in the water electrolysis process. However, considerable research effort must be devoted to the development of these cost-effective and efficient non-precious electrocatalysts. In this review article, we provide key fundamental knowledge of water electrolysis, progress, and challenges of the development of most-studied electrocatalysts in the most desirable electrolytic solutions: alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), solid-oxide electrolysis (SOE), and proton exchange membrane electrolysis (PEME). Lastly, we discuss remaining grand challenges, prospect, and future work with key recommendations that must be done prior to the full commercialization of water electrolysis systems.
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