Review on application of silica aerogels for building insulation: research development on sustainable silica aerogel and thermal insulating paint

Climate change drives growing demand for indoor cooling, which consequently increases greenhouse gas emissions. Silica aerogels emerge as promising thermal insulating materials because of their ultralow thermal conductivity and lightweight structure. They are applied in building systems such as window glazing, blankets, and panels, yet their high production cost restricts large‐scale use. Current research focuses on reducing costs and broadening practical applications. Two areas are particularly notable: sustainable silica aerogel production and aerogel‐based insulating paints. Biomass‐derived aerogels provide a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional silica sources. Incorporating aerogel into paint offers additional advantages, including ease of application, reduced material consumption, and adaptability to various surfaces. Nevertheless, ensuring compatibility between aerogel particles and paint matrices remains a critical challenge. These developments present opportunities for advancing low‐cost, sustainable aerogels and coatings to lower the carbon footprint of building insulation.