Purpose To study the effects of myocardial fibroblasts on fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods Ten streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were raised for 12 weeks.Then 2×10 7 myocardial fib roblasts were taken out for primary culture.We counted the numbers of cultured cells to observe their growth.RT?PCR and western blot analyses were used to show mRNA and protein expression of pro α1(Ⅰ) collagen. Results Proliferation rate of myocardial fibroblasts in diabetes rats was higher than that of myo cardial fibroblasts in normal rats.So was mRNA and protein expression of pro α1(Ⅰ) collagen. Conclusions Myocardial fibroblasts in diabetic rats accelerate the proliferation of themselves and the synthesis of collagen in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Myocardial fibroblasts take great part in fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyo pathy.