Finite-Difference Time-Domain Numerical Simulation Study on the Optical Properties of Silver Nanocomposites

The effects of the nanoparticle geometry and the host matrix on the optical properties of silver (Ag) nanocomposites were investigated. The spatial intensity distribution and absorption spectra were obtained by solving Maxwell equations using the finite-difference time-domain method. Local enhancement of the optical field was produced near the surface of the Ag nanoparticle. As the nanoparticle size increased, the plasmon-induced absorption increased and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength of the Ag nanocomposite was redshifted. As the nanoparticle geometry was transformed from a sphere to an ellipsoid, two plasmon peaks appeared and their spectral spacing became larger with increasing the aspect ratio. The effects of the nanoparticle size and the anisotropic geometry on the optical properties of the Ag nanocomposites can be described by the Maxwell-Garnett theory and the Drude model. From the absorption spectra of the Ag nanocomposites with five different host matrices (SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO, ZrO2, and TiO2), it was found that the SPR wavelength of the Ag nanocomposite was redshifted with increasing the refractive index of the host matrix.