[Objectives]Vagina is an important microecology zone of female.Under normal condition,the microecology is mainly composed of Lactobacillus and other dominant microflora,microecology is influenced by bacterial flora and immune response factors.The immune response reflects pathogenicity of bacterial flora to a certain extent,and it is regulated by nerve-incretion-immunity network.The development of microecology indicated the complexity of microecology,and microecology balance theory is put forward subsequently.The strategy of anti-infection is improved and updated gradually,and the new therapeutic concept is proposed,which purely is replaced by sterilization with promoting bacteria.When the microecology of vagina and the balance of immune function have been destroyed,it is likely to incur the inflammations of the vagina.According to different causes and pathogens,there are more than ten kinds of vaginitis.The paper generalizes the treatments of vaginitis and their developments,and discusses the cure standard of vaginitis,recurrence and prevention of recurrences.