习得的无助感
感觉
积极倾听
干预(咨询)
心理学
护理部
心理治疗师
医学
医学教育
临床心理学
社会心理学
标识
DOI:10.3928/0279-3695-19940101-09
摘要
1. Cancer is a life-threatening disease that creates an uncertain and foreboding future, yet it is because of this uncertain future that hopes can be accommodated. 2. Inspiring hope is an intervention that can be used with many nursing diagnoses, especially when feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, powerlessness, and depression are present. 3. Most individuals are "hoping" ones, but at times the hoping process must be assisted. 4. The nurse can inspire hope by understanding the hoping process; offering nursing encouragement; and incorporating such skills as presence, touch, active listening, reality surveillance, and values clarification.
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