Objective To observe the long-term clinical effect of molars with chronic apical periodontitis treated by empty root canal medication.Methods Two hundred thirty-eight molars with chronic apical periodontitis were treated by empty root canal medication.Results Five years after operation,213 molars were successfully treated and the success rate was 89.49%.Conclusion Empty root canal medication is a feasible and effective method for the treatment of molars with chronic apical periodontitis.