The relations between reactive oxygen species(ROS)and autophagy is complex.ROS as a signaling molecule is involved not only in the cell proliferation and differentiation,but also in the formation of intracellular autophagy.Here is to make a review on the molecullar mechanism of ROS-mediated autophagy,and the roles of ROS and autophagy in the ischemia-reperfusion injury,tumor and infection,so as to provide new strategies for the treatment of related diseases.