Based on the actual need of distillation process,a optimized structure of downcomer and a new type of tray——DOS tray is carried out in order to use free area more efficiently on column tray.On a semi cylindrical tray simulator(1.6?m diameter),the hydraulic performance of DOS tray is studied.The results indicate that the pressure drop per tray,the height of clear liquid on tray,weeping and entrainment rate are lower than those of the normal tray.