An electrochemical sensor based on multiferroic NdFeO3 particles modified electrode for the detection of H2O2

The high dielectric constant and lower dielectric loss make NdFeO3 materials ideal for potential use in many several applications. Specifically, NdFeO3 is a promising candidate for electrochemical sensing applications owing to its high thermal stability, and non-toxicity. In this present study, multiferroic NdFeO3 particles are synthesized using a solid-state reaction at a higher temperature. Structural studies confirm that NdFeO3 crystallizes in an orthorhombic symmetry. Elemental color mapping of the NdFeO3 sample reveals there is no impurity, and that the sample comprises Nd, Fe, and O elements. In addition, the Nyquist plot suggests the contribution of grain and grain boundary effect towards the resistive and capacitive characteristics of NdFeO3. Magnetic measurements at room temperature indicated an antiferromagnetic nature of the sample with a weak ferromagnetic component arising due to the canted nature of Fe3+. The non-collinear magnetic structure of NdFeO3 promotes the ferroelectric loop. Single-phase room temperature NdFeO3 multiferroics were coated upon the glassy carbon electrode with the aim of sensing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using a three-electrode electrochemical setup. The cyclic voltammetry technique showed an increase in the peak current with an upsurge in the concentration of H2O2 between 1 mM and 10 mM. The limit of detection, the limit of quantification, and sensitivity was calculated to be 0.87 µM, 2.92 µM, and 52.6 µA mM−1 cm−2 respectively. The correlation coefficient R2 was found to be 0.9792. The value of linearity with regression coefficient was calculated to be R2 = 0.9922 from the effect of scan rate. NdFeO3 showed an excellent selectivity towards H2O2 in the presence of H2SO4, KCl, HCl, and NaOH, and good sensitivity for monitoring H2O2 in a real milk sample. The sensitivity of modified Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in milk was calculated to be 46.58 µA mM−1 cm−2.