Trifluoromethyl-Modified Hierarchical Nanoporous Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Adsorption of Fluorine-Containing Pesticides

Removal of pesticide residues by adsorption can effectively alleviate the harm to the ecological environment and health. Here, we report a trifluoromethyl (−CF3)-modified hierarchical nanoporous metal–organic framework (HP-MOF, HP-Fe-CF3) for the efficient adsorption of three fluorine-containing pesticides (FCPs). Hierarchical nanopores (micropores, mesopores, and macropores) may enhance the diffusion rate, and grafting −CF3 can improve the stability of the HP-MOF, leading to a satisfactory adsorption capacity of FCPs by the fluorine–fluorine hydrophobic interaction, π–π interaction, and pore-filling mechanism. After optimization, low-dose HP-Fe-CF3-B (-B represents the molar ratio of Fe3+: CTAB of 1: 0.5) has the best adsorption capacity for FCPs with fast adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption of the FCPs has good stability, reusability, and practicability in environmental water bodies, fruits, and vegetables. This study indicates that HP-Fe-CF3 has the potential to develop as an ideal candidate for emerging solid nanoparticle adsorbents.