Global, regional, and national trends in ischaemic stroke burden and risk factors among adults aged 20 + years (1990–2021): a systematic analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021 with projections into 2050

Globally, the total IS caseload has increased. Targeted strategies, such as metabolic risk control in high-SDI regions, low-cost interventions in middle-/low-SDI regions, and improved neuroimaging infrastructure in sub-Saharan Africa, are needed. Future research should focus on subtype-specific burdens, the legacy effects of COVID-19, and intervention cost effectiveness to guide policymakers in developing efficient strategies to combat the global burden of ischaemic stroke.