Factors related to the knowledge and skills of evidence‐based practice among nurses worldwide: A scoping review

Abstract Background Promoting evidence‐based practice (EBP) among nurses may be a valuable component of improving health care. However, a comprehensive analysis of the factors associated with the knowledge and skill EBP in nurses has not been performed to date. This is essential for facilitating the acquisition of relevant knowledge and skills to effectively implement EBP. Aims The aim of the study was to determine the factors related to the knowledge and skills of EBP among nurses. Methods We searched various literature databases up to October 25, 2021, for relevant studies that investigated the factors associated with the knowledge and skills of EBP in nurses. The authors, year of study, country, study design, study subject information, instruments used for the assessment EBP knowledge and skills, use of multivariable analysis, and factors significantly associated with the knowledge and skills of EBP among nurses were extracted from each eligible study and collated to identify commonly reported factors. Results We identified 47 eligible studies conducted in a wide range of countries. Nine articles applied multivariable analyses, and 38 articles did not perform any multivariable analyses. The factors related to the knowledge and skill levels of EBP among nurses were classified into two categories: personal and work‐environment factors. In the nine articles that conducted multivariable analysis, personal factors, which included educational level, participation in EBP education, and experience conducting research, and work‐environment factors, such as resources and organizational support for EBP, were related to the knowledge and skills of EBP among nurses. Linking Evidence to Action Our review highlighted educational level, participation in EBP education, experience conducting research, and resources and organizational support for EBP as important factors that are associated with the knowledge and skills of EBP in nurses worldwide. Focusing on these factors may help improve nurses' understanding of EBP and facilitate the implementation of EBP.