A novel immunoaffinity column based metal–organic framework deep eutectic solvents @ molecularly imprinted polymers as a sorbent for the solid phase extraction of aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 from cereals samples

In the present study, for the first time, immunoaffinity columns under the term MIL (Al) −53 deep eutectic solvents @MIPs (MIL(Al)-53-DES@MIPs) were synthesized based on two technologies, metal–organic framework (MOF) and molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs). The MOFs and MIPs with DES used in synthesizing immunoaffinity columns, was subsequently used to extract and preconcentrate aflatoxins AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2. One factor at a time (OFAT) method was used to optimize the parameters affecting on extraction efficiency of the target compounds. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection of the four aflatoxin ranged from 0.023 to 0.033 µg kg−1 (S/N = 5), and the calibration graphs were linear in the concentration range from 0.1 to 400 μg kg−1, the inter-day and intraday relative standard deviations (RSD) for various aflatoxins at three different concentration level (n = 5) using a single column were 1.3–4.4 %, and the column to column RSD % (n = 5) was 4.3–6.7 % at 5 μg L-1 of each analyte. The method was successfully applied to quantify aflatoxin in cereals samples of Khuzestan province of Iran, with the recoveries between 95.3 and 98.5 %.