Preparation and Modification of Biomass Carbon Materials in Secondary-Ion Batteries: From the Aspect of Resource and Composition

Biomass carbon materials with high theoretical specific capacity, low cost and pollution-free, play an essential role in secondary batteries as anode materials or modified substrates. This review classifies biomass based on its resource and composition and introduces the application of biomass raw fibers, biomass extracts, biomass synthetic fibers, and other materials in lithium-sulfur, potassium-ion, sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries. It provides a systematic review of the processing methods of different forms of biomass materials. Additionally, the perspectives are also proposed for next-generation biomass carbon materials-based ion batteries.